Philosophical archaeology: critical history and conceptual constellations for thinking the present in dialogue with Foucault, Melandri and Agamben

Abstract

This article aims to explore and propose philosophical archaeology as a critical practice and research methodology to question the present from a historical-critical and genealogical perspective. Among its contributions, it reflects on the historicity of forms of knowledge, power, and subjectivation, and reconstructs their conditions of possibility. It also analyzes the relations between archaeology, analogy, and paradigm, revisiting authors such as Foucault, Melandri, Agamben, and Nietzsche. The paper proposes philosophical archaeology as a concrete way to critically read the present, open it to other historical possibilities, and challenge the dominant axioms of Western modernity, overcoming closed visions of history and knowledge.